Carburetor



A. C. HOOF CARBURETOR Sept. 10, 1935.

Filed Dec. 6, 1954 2 Sheets-Sheet l v v jv v w "8B 60 2 INVENTOR. 16072 2 007?- gall ATTORNEY..

Patented Sept. 10, 1935 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CARBURETOR Addison C. Hoof, Hinsdale, Ill.

Application December 6, 1934, Serial No. 756,261

14 Claims. (01-261-49) I mixture control means for automotive devices capable of controlling the amount of liquid fuel which is combined with air or gas to create a combustible gas to such an extent that the highest efliciency will be obtained from the motor by the use of this mixture, and the mixture will be so controlled that the same will be properly proportioned for any desired speed or load of the motor.

The prior art will show devices which have been conceived for governing the speed of a vehicle or automotive engines as required by the users. How-ever, it has been found that more exacting requirements are needed in connection with later developments in automotive engineering.

It is not enough that a governor or control means provide definite speed control and full power capacity. It has been found necessary to efficiently regulate the carburetion, or rather the mixture of the air and liquid fuel which goes to the motor. Consequently, it is necessary to devise something which will act as a carburetor for providing a fuel mixture and will also act as a governor for controlling the amount of liquid fuel and air admitted for different speeds and for different loads.

My invention contemplates the provision of a combined carburetor and governor capable of performing the functions hereinbefore mentioned.

A further object of the invention is to provide improved means of the type described capable of automatic operation to control the quantity and the quality of the fuel mixture flowing to the motor at any and all speeds and under any and all load conditions of the motor.

Another object of my invention is to provide means of this type capable of functioning automatically to control the quantity and the quality of the fuel mixture at any desired rate of speed of the motor.

A further object of my invention is to provide means of the type described capable of substitution for the ordinary carburetor employed in automotive engines and capable of performing all of the functions of the same.

A further object of my invention is to provide automatic means of the type described capable of functioning to control the quantity and the quality of the fuel mixture at various speeds and as sociated with manual means for obtaining the various speeds desired.

Another object of my invention is to provide a fuel control means of the type described that is comparatively simple in construction, yet which is highly efficient and capable of long and hard usage without becoming broken or out of order.

A further object of my invention is to providea fuel mixture control means of the class described which is comparatively simple in operation.

This application relates to structure of the type described which is an improvement over the structure shown and described in my co-pending application filed May 1, 1934, Serial No'. 726,670.

Other objects and advantages of the invention V will be more apparent from the following description wherein reference is had to the accompanying two sheets of drawings, upon which Fig. 1 is a side elevational view of my improved structure showing the fuel mixture control means in a closed or idling position;

Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view taken on the plane of Fig. 1, showing the governor valve and associated parts in the same position as Fig. I;

Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view similar to Fig.

2 showing the valve members in a changed or open position, and

Fig. 4 is a side elevational view of the device looking from the back and showing the spring means for the governor valve and the housing therefor.

In carrying out my invention, I provide a body or housing member In which may be provided with upper and lower flange members l2 so that the same can be conveniently mounted in the passageway leading to the intake manifold of an automotive engine. The housing l0 may have a passageway or conduit I4 provided therein, formed with the restricted portion I6 providing in effect a Venturi so that air passing therethrough may obtain a higher velocity at the most restricted portion of the opening.

A liquid fuel feed nozzle l8 extends to the center of the Venturi opening to feed liquid fuel to the most desirable point in the device, as is commonly done in carburetor construction. The nozzle l8 may be at the end of a tapered bore 20 formed in the housing Hi within which a needle valve 22 is adapted to be operated. The valve member 22 is formed with a bolt-like extension 24 which has a notch 26 adjacent the rear end thereof.

The valve is mounted for reciprocatory movement in a bearing portion 28 formed in the housing ID below a float chamber 30 within which a float valve unit 32 is mounted. The unit 32 may be of the usual type which serves to shut off the flow of liquid to the chamber when the liquid therein reaches a given level. A fuel supply pipe 34 enters the chamber 39 adjacent its upper end and communicates through valved inlet 36 with the chamber.

A comparatively restricted passageway 38 may extend from the lower side of chamber 39 to an idling jet 4% which is so positioned in the device that regardless of the movement of the control valves, the automotive engine will always be supplied with sufficient liquid fuel to normally operate at a low speed under a comparatively light, or no load.

Two plate valve members are employed in the preferred construction of my device and for convenience in description, they will hereinafter be referred to as the governor valve and the curved wall valve. Accordingly, a governor valve which comprises the plate 42 is mounted for rotary movement upon a cross shaft 44 which extends through the walls of housing I and has a lever 45 rigidly secured to one of its outer ends. A spring member 48 connected between the end of lever 46 and a side wall of the governor housing 58 normally serves to hold the valve 42 in an open position, as shown in Fig. 3.

The curved wall valve 52 is mounted for rotary movement upon a shaft 54 which extends through the walls of housing in and has an arm 56 secured to one of the outer ends thereof, said arm being formed with the cam surface 58. A spring member S9 connected between the lower end of lever 55 and a pin 82 on housing IE normally serves to hold the valve 52 in a closed position. The valve 52 is mounted for movement in a cavity or depression 64 formed in the housing Ill and communicating with the passageway M. A central opening 66 is provided in valve 52 so that the idling 'et 40 may extend therethrough in any desired position of valve 52.

The means for effecting a control over the valve 22 by both valves 42 and 52 will now be described. The valve shaft 44 has an arm 68 secured thereto at its outer end opposite to the lever 46. The arm 68 is formed with a cam surface upon which a roller 12 fastened to the valve controlling arm 14 is adapted to ride. The arm '84 has a second roller 76 secured thereto which is adapted to ride upon the cam surface E8 *of a bell crank arm 80 which in turn carries a roller 82. adapted to engage the cam surface 58 of lever 55. The bell crank lever 80 is mounted upon a stub shaft 84 securely fastened in a bracket 83 extending from the lower flange I2 of housing IS. The lever 88 has another extension 83 extending downwardly therefrom and carrying a pin 9:) to which a hand control lever 92 is connected. The control lever 14 is held in frictional engagement through the rollers 12 and 16 with the cam surfaces 79 and 18 by resilient means such as the spring members 94.

The extended end of arm 14 is pivotally secured at 98 to one end 98 of a bell crank lever I80 which carries the head portion I82 that engages in the slot in the end of needle valve 22. The lever 195 is mounted for reciprocation upon a pin !83 secured in the end of a supporting bracket 24 attached to the bearing 28.

The operation of my improved device will now be described. Assume that the device is mounted between an air inlet secured to the upper flanges I2 of the housing l6 and the intake manifold of an automotive engine, to which the lower flange 62 is secured. Assume further that the valve members 42 and 52 are in the position shown in the Fig. 3, with the passageway to the engine comparatively open and the needle valve 22 in its most retarded position, all to allow a maximum flow of the liquid fuel and air through the maxi mum opening in the passageway. As the engine increases its speed, the action of the pistons in the cylinders in reciprocating, will cause a suction or partial vacuum below the valve 42, thus drawing the same to the closed position shown in Fig. 2, against the action of the governor spring 48. This movement of the valve 42 will cause a rotation of cam to the right (see Fig. 1), allowing the roller '12 to follow the cam upwardly, permitting the fulcruming of arm l4 upon roller I5 and causing a movement of the bell crank lever I98 counter-clockwise to move needle 22 from its retarded to an advanced position, thus closing off or restricting the passageway 20 to the nozzle i8 and permitting less liquid fuel to pass through the passageway 14-.

If a higher speed is desired than is secured by this action, the operator of the vehicle or the person in charge of the automotive engine, if it is a stationary one, by means of the manual control 92, moves valve 52 from the position shown in Fig. 2, clockwise, at the same time moving bell crank lever 80 clockwise and allowing roller 16 to travel upwardly on the cam surface 78, and

thus by means of pivoting arm 14 on roller 12,

moving the pivot 96 upwardly and through bell crank lever it!) moving the needle valve 22 outwardly or to a retarded position, thus permitting more liquid fuel to flow through jet l8 and allowing a resultant increase in speed of the engine.

It is believed to be clear from the foregoing that due to the governor control means, the automatic positioning of valve 42, and due further to the manual control of the curved Wall valve 52, an efficient fuel control mechanism has been provided.

In the construction shown, I have combined the functions of speed control governors upon the market with the further control of the fuel mixture quality by means of the mechanism which gives the co-operation between the automatically controlled valve and the manually controlled valve for opening or closing the passageway to the nozzle l8.

It will further be apparent that with the construction shown, a fuel mixture control mechanism has been provided which automatically operates to provide the proper quality and quantity of fuel mixture regardless of the density of the am upon airplane motors and other motors for use in rarified air as well as air at sea level.

While the mechanism which I have shown and described is extremely simple in construction and highly efficient in operation, I desire it to be understood that I do not wish to limit myself to the specific construction shown and I contemplate that many changes and modifications may be made in the exact detail thereof. I do not wish to limit myself in any manner, except to the generic principle involved, and what I desire to secure and protect by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. Fuel mixture control means comprising a passageway adapted to supply a mixture to an internal combustion engine, an unbalanced valve member located in said passageway, a cavity in said passageway opposite said unbalanced valve, a movable curved plate mounted in said cavity for rotary movement, liquid fuel control means Thus the control means is capable of use f sageway a liquid fuel valve, .a cavity in said passageway opposite said unbalanced valve, a movable curved plate mounted in said cavity for rotary movement and means interconnecting said plate, said valve and said liquid fuel valve for controlling the quality and quantity of fuel mixture flowing to said engine.

3. Fuel mixture control means comprising a conduit adapted to supply a mixture to an internal combustion engine, an unbalanced valve member located in said conduit, a liquid fuel supply and .an air supply connected to said conduit a liquid fuel valve, a cavity in said conduit opposite said unbalanced valve, a movable curved plate mounted in said cavity for rotary movement, means interconnecting said plate, said valve and said liquid fuel valve whereby the quantity and quality of fuel mixture flowing to said engine is controlled and manual means for actuating said means.

4. Fuel mixture control means comprising a passageway adapted to supply a mixture to an internal combustion engine, a liquid fuel supply and an air supply connected to said passageway, a liquid fuel valve, an unbalanced valve member located in said passageway, a cavity in said passageway opposite said unbalanced valve, a movable curved plate mounted in said cavity for rotary movement, andinterconnected means between said plate, said valve and said liquid fuel valve for controlling the quantity and quality of the flow of fuel mixture to said engine, said means including a rocking lever, cam members for moving the same and spring means for resisting said movement.

5. A carburetor for an internal combustion engine having a fuel mixture passageway, an unbalanced valve member mounted in said passageway, a cavity in said passageway opposite said valve, a curved plate member mounted in said cavity and capable of movement to control the size of the passageway in connection with said valve, a liquid fuel supply, a liquid fuel valve and means connected between said valve, said curved plate member and said liquid fuel valve for controlling the quantity and quality of the flow of fuel mixture to said engine.

6. A carburetor for an internal combustion engine having a fuel mixture passageway, an unbalanced valve member mounted in said passageway, a cavity in said passageway opposite said valve, a curved plate member mounted in said cavity and capable of movement to control the size of the passageway in connection with said valve, a liquid fuel supply a liquid fuel valve and means connected between said valve, said plate member and said liquid fuel valve for controlling the quantity and quality of the flow of fuel mixture to said engine, said means including a pair of cam members and a lever associated with said liquid fuel supply.

'7. A carburetor for an internal combustion engine having a fuel mixture passageway, an unbalanced valve member mounted in said passageway, a liquid fuel supply and an air supply connected to said passageway, a cavity in said passageway opposite said valve, a curved plate member mounted in said cavity and capable of movement to control the size of the passageway in connection with said valve a liquid fuel valve and means connected between said valve, said plate member and said liquid fuel valve for controlling the quantity and quality of the flow of fuel mixture to said engine, said means including a cam associated with said valve and said plate member and a lever control member associated with said liquid fuel valve.

8. Fuel mixture control means comprising a passageway adapted to supply a mixture to an internal combustion engine, an unbalanced valve member located in said passageway, a cavity in said passageway opposite said unbalanced valve, a movable plate mounted in said cavity for rotary movement, a liquid fuel supply, a liquid fuel valve and interconnected means between said plate, said valve and said liquid fuel valve for controlling the quantity and quality of fuel mixture flowing to said engine.

9. Fuel mixture control means comprising a passageway adapted to supply a mixture to an internal combustion engine, an unbalanced valve member located in said passageway, a liquid fue1 supply and an air supply connected to said passageway, a liquid fuel valve, a cavity in said passageway opposite said unbalanced valve, a movable plate mounted in said cavity for rotary movement and means interconnecting said plate, said valve and said liquid fuel valve for controlling the quality and quantity of fuel mixture flowing to said engine.

10. Fuel mixture control means comprising a conduit adapted to supply a mixture to an internal combustion engine, an unbalanced valve member located in said conduit, a liquid fuel supply and an air supply connected to said conduit, a liquid fuel valve a cavity in said conduit opposite said unbalanced valve, a movable plate mounted in said cavity for rotary movement, means interconnecting said plate, said valve, and said liquid fuel valve whereby the quantity and quality of fuel mixture flowing to said engine is controlled and manual means for actuating said means.

11. Fuel mixture control means comprising a passageway adapted to supply a mixture to an internal combustion engine, a liquid fuel supply and an air supply connected to said passageway, an unbalanced valve member located in said passageway, a cavity in said passageway opposite said unbalanced valve, a movable plate mounted in said cavity for rotary movement, a liquid fuel valve and interconnected means between said plate, said valve and said liquid fuel valve for controlling the quantity and quality of the flow of fuel mixture to said engine, said means including a rocking lever, cam members for moving the same and spring means for resisting said movement.

12. A carburetor for an internal combustion engine having a fuel mixture passageway, an unbalanced valve member mounted in said passageway, a cavity in said passageway opposite said valve, a plate member mounted in said cavity and capable of movement to control the size of the passageway in connection with said valve, a liquid fuel supply, a liquid fuel valve and means connected between said valve, said plate member and said liquid fuel valve for controlling the quantity and quality of the flow of fuel mixture to said engine.

13. A carburetor for an internal combustion engine having a fuel mixture passageway, an unbalanced valve member mounted in said passageway, a cavity in said passageway opposite said valve, a plate member mounted in said cavity and capable of movement to control the size of the passageway in connection with said valve, a liquid fuel supply, a liquid fuel valve and means connected between said valve, said plate member and said liquid fuel valve for controlling the quantity and quality of the flow of fuel mixture to said engine, said means including a pair of cam members and a lever associated with said liquid fuel valve.

14. A carburetor for an internal combustion engine having a fuel mixture passageway, an

unbalanced valve member mounted in said passageway, a liquid fuel supply and an air supply connected to said passageway, a cavity in said passageway opposite said valve, a plate member mounted in said cavity and capable of movement to control the size of the passageway in connection with said valve, a liquid fuel valve and means connected between said valve, said plate member and said liquid fuel valve for controlling the quantity and quality of the flow of 10 fuel mixture to said engine, said means includ- 

